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workforce2_c.c
/* Copyright 2023, Gurobi Optimization, LLC */
/* Assign workers to shifts; each worker may or may not be available on a
particular day. If the problem cannot be solved, use IIS iteratively to
find all conflicting constraints. */
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "gurobi_c.h"
#define xcol(w,s) nShifts*w+s
#define MAXSTR 128
int
main(int argc,
char *argv[])
{
GRBenv *env = NULL;
GRBmodel *model = NULL;
int error = 0, status;
int s, w, col;
int *cbeg = NULL;
int *cind = NULL;
int idx;
double *cval = NULL;
char *sense = NULL;
char vname[MAXSTR];
double obj;
int i, iis, numconstrs, numremoved = 0;
char *cname;
char **removed = NULL;
/* Sample data */
const int nShifts = 14;
const int nWorkers = 7;
/* Sets of days and workers */
char* Shifts[] =
{ "Mon1", "Tue2", "Wed3", "Thu4", "Fri5", "Sat6",
"Sun7", "Mon8", "Tue9", "Wed10", "Thu11", "Fri12", "Sat13",
"Sun14" };
char* Workers[] =
{ "Amy", "Bob", "Cathy", "Dan", "Ed", "Fred", "Gu" };
/* Number of workers required for each shift */
double shiftRequirements[] =
{ 3, 2, 4, 4, 5, 6, 5, 2, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 5 };
/* Amount each worker is paid to work one shift */
double pay[] = { 10, 12, 10, 8, 8, 9, 11 };
/* Worker availability: 0 if the worker is unavailable for a shift */
double availability[][14] =
{ { 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 },
{ 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0 },
{ 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 },
{ 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 },
{ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1 },
{ 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1 },
{ 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 } };
/* Create environment */
error = GRBloadenv(&env, "workforce2.log");
if (error) goto QUIT;
/* Create initial model */
error = GRBnewmodel(env, &model, "workforce2", nWorkers * nShifts,
NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
if (error) goto QUIT;
/* Initialize assignment decision variables:
x[w][s] == 1 if worker w is assigned
to shift s. Since an assignment model always produces integer
solutions, we use continuous variables and solve as an LP. */
for (w = 0; w < nWorkers; ++w)
{
for (s = 0; s < nShifts; ++s)
{
col = xcol(w, s);
sprintf(vname, "%s.%s", Workers[w], Shifts[s]);
error = GRBsetdblattrelement(model, "UB", col, availability[w][s]);
if (error) goto QUIT;
error = GRBsetdblattrelement(model, "Obj", col, pay[w]);
if (error) goto QUIT;
error = GRBsetstrattrelement(model, "VarName", col, vname);
if (error) goto QUIT;
}
}
/* The objective is to minimize the total pay costs */
error = GRBsetintattr(model, "ModelSense", GRB_MINIMIZE);
if (error) goto QUIT;
/* Make space for constraint data */
cbeg = malloc(sizeof(int) * nShifts);
if (!cbeg) goto QUIT;
cind = malloc(sizeof(int) * nShifts * nWorkers);
if (!cind) goto QUIT;
cval = malloc(sizeof(double) * nShifts * nWorkers);
if (!cval) goto QUIT;
sense = malloc(sizeof(char) * nShifts);
if (!sense) goto QUIT;
/* Constraint: assign exactly shiftRequirements[s] workers
to each shift s */
idx = 0;
for (s = 0; s < nShifts; ++s)
{
cbeg[s] = idx;
sense[s] = GRB_EQUAL;
for (w = 0; w < nWorkers; ++w)
{
cind[idx] = xcol(w, s);
cval[idx++] = 1.0;
}
}
error = GRBaddconstrs(model, nShifts, idx, cbeg, cind, cval, sense,
shiftRequirements, Shifts);
if (error) goto QUIT;
/* Optimize */
error = GRBoptimize(model);
if (error) goto QUIT;
error = GRBgetintattr(model, "Status", &status);
if (error) goto QUIT;
if (status == GRB_UNBOUNDED)
{
printf("The model cannot be solved because it is unbounded\n");
goto QUIT;
}
if (status == GRB_OPTIMAL)
{
error = GRBgetdblattr(model, "ObjVal", &obj);
if (error) goto QUIT;
printf("The optimal objective is %f\n", obj);
goto QUIT;
}
if ((status != GRB_INF_OR_UNBD) && (status != GRB_INFEASIBLE))
{
printf("Optimization was stopped with status %i\n", status);
goto QUIT;
}
/* do IIS */
printf("The model is infeasible; computing IIS\n");
/* Loop until we reduce to a model that can be solved */
error = GRBgetintattr(model, "NumConstrs", &numconstrs);
if (error) goto QUIT;
removed = calloc(numconstrs, sizeof(char*));
if (!removed) goto QUIT;
while (1)
{
error = GRBcomputeIIS(model);
if (error) goto QUIT;
printf("\nThe following constraint cannot be satisfied:\n");
for (i = 0; i < numconstrs; ++i)
{
error = GRBgetintattrelement(model, "IISConstr", i, &iis);
if (error) goto QUIT;
if (iis)
{
error = GRBgetstrattrelement(model, "ConstrName", i, &cname);
if (error) goto QUIT;
printf("%s\n", cname);
/* Remove a single constraint from the model */
removed[numremoved] = malloc(sizeof(char) * (1+strlen(cname)));
if (!removed[numremoved]) goto QUIT;
strcpy(removed[numremoved++], cname);
cind[0] = i;
error = GRBdelconstrs(model, 1, cind);
if (error) goto QUIT;
break;
}
}
printf("\n");
error = GRBoptimize(model);
if (error) goto QUIT;
error = GRBgetintattr(model, "Status", &status);
if (error) goto QUIT;
if (status == GRB_UNBOUNDED)
{
printf("The model cannot be solved because it is unbounded\n");
goto QUIT;
}
if (status == GRB_OPTIMAL)
{
break;
}
if ((status != GRB_INF_OR_UNBD) && (status != GRB_INFEASIBLE))
{
printf("Optimization was stopped with status %i\n", status);
goto QUIT;
}
}
printf("\nThe following constraints were removed to get a feasible LP:\n");
for (i = 0; i < numremoved; ++i)
{
printf("%s ", removed[i]);
}
printf("\n");
QUIT:
/* Error reporting */
if (error)
{
printf("ERROR: %s\n", GRBgeterrormsg(env));
exit(1);
}
/* Free data */
free(cbeg);
free(cind);
free(cval);
free(sense);
for (i=0; i<numremoved; ++i)
{
free(removed[i]);
}
free(removed);
/* Free model */
GRBfreemodel(model);
/* Free environment */
GRBfreeenv(env);
return 0;
}
